Confucius uses the analogy of a gem to explain the necessity of challenges in human development. A rough stone only reveals its brilliant beauty and smoothness through the process of being polished, which involves friction and abrasion.

Similarly, a person cannot reach their full potential—cannot be "perfected"—without going through trials and difficulties. It is the friction of life's challenges that smooths out our rough edges, builds our character, and develops our resilience. The struggles are not signs that something is wrong; they are the very process of becoming stronger and wiser.

This quote provides a comforting perspective on hardship. It encourages us to embrace our adversity as an essential part of our polishing process, trusting that it is contributing to our unique brilliance and strength.